Igipimo gishya cyimodoka cyinjira kirenga 30% bivuze iki?

Igicuruzwa cyinjira mu modoka nshya y’ingufu zirenga 30%, bivuze ko ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byateye intambwe ishimishije mu kugurisha ibinyabiziga by’ingufu n’ubukungu ndetse n’ibiciriritse binini, kandi binagaragaza imikorere myiza y’imodoka zose z’ingufu nshya ku isoko. Iterambere ryiki cyerekezo naryo rifite imbaraga nyinshi kubucuruzi bushya bwimodoka.

Ikigereranyo cyo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa bya EVS cyarenze 30 ku ijana ku nshuro ya mbere muri Nzeri, kigera kuri 31.8 ku ijana, nk'uko amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ishyirahamwe ry’amakuru ku isoko ry’imodoka zitwara abagenzi abitangaza. Igipimo cyo gucuruza ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu kirenga 30% bivuze iki, ni izihe ngaruka bigira ku mishinga mishya yingufu z’ingufu, kandi ni izihe ngaruka bizagira ku isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bya peteroli?

Igipimo cyo gucuruza ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi ku isoko, bivuga igipimo cy’igurishwa ry’imodoka nshya mu kugurisha ibinyabiziga mu gihe runaka. Umubare w’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu urenga 30%, bivuze ko ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byateye intambwe ishimishije mu kugurisha ibinyabiziga by’ingufu n’ubukungu ndetse n’ibiciriritse n’ingufu nini, kandi binagaragaza imikorere myiza y’imodoka zose z’ingufu nshya ku isoko.

By'umwihariko, mu mijyi ibujijwe kugura, igipimo cyo gucuruza ibinyabiziga bifite ingufu nshya cyiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, kandi igurishwa ry’imodoka zifite amashanyarazi meza ryiyongereye riva kuri 6% muri 2019 rigera kuri 30% muri Nzeri uyu mwaka. Mu mijyi itagira imbogamizi, umugabane w’ibicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi meza mu mijyi minini n’iciriritse byari bimwe, byazamutse kugera kuri 22% muri Nzeri. Nubwo igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa byinjira mu masoko y’intara n’imijyi bitari bike, umubare w’ibicuruzwa by’ibinyabiziga bikomoka kuri peteroli uracyari mwinshi, kandi iterambere ry’ejo hazaza ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu mijyi mito n'iciriritse mu mijyi no mu ntara no mu mijyi ni nini.

Ubwiyongere bwikigereranyo cyo gucuruza ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu nta terambere rito ryibikorwa bishya byimodoka. Cyane cyane no kwagura isoko, ingano nubunini bwimodoka nshya zingufu ziyongereye cyane. Muri icyo gihe kandi, ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa by’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu nabyo bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bya lisansi, bigatuma igabanuka ry’ubunini bw’isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bikomoka kuri peteroli, kurushaho kunoza irushanwa ry’isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, kandi byihutishe igihe cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.
Twabibutsa ko mu 2021, igurishwa ry’ibinyabiziga gakondo bya lisansi by’ibigo by’imishinga ihuriweho byagabanutseho 18%, igurishwa ry’ibinyabiziga bya peteroli gakondo by’ibicuruzwa byigenga byagabanutseho 7%, naho kugurisha ibinyabiziga bya peteroli gakondo by’ibiciro byiza byagabanutseho 9%. Ibyiza biranga imishinga ihuriweho mumasoko yimodoka ya lisansi byagabanutse buhoro buhoro. Imodoka nshya yigenga yingufu zizagira uruhare runini mugusimbuza ibinyabiziga bikomoka kuri peteroli hamwe, guteza imbere impinduka kumasoko.

Muri icyo gihe, twakagombye kumenya ko igipimo cyinjira mu bicuruzwa atari izamuka ry’umurongo woroshye, ahubwo kizahinduka, ibyo bikaba bifitanye isano rya bugufi no gukura kw’ikoranabuhanga rishya ry’imodoka, guhindura imitekerereze y’abaguzi ndetse n’urwego rwo kuzamura ibikorwa remezo. Hamwe nihindagurika ryibiciro bya peteroli, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi munsi yibiciro bya peteroli bifite ibyiza bigaragara-imikorere. Nyamara, mugihe igurishwa ryimodoka nshya zingufu zigenda ryiyongera vuba, urwego rudahagije rwibikoresho byo kwishyuza nabyo biganisha ku ngorane zo kwishyuza, bigatuma bigora bamwe mubaguzi guhitamo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byoroshye.

Byongeye kandi, kuri ubu, kugurisha ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu gihugu cyacu ahanini bishingiye ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi rwo hasi, kandi icyitegererezo cyo hagati ntabwo ari cyiza. Mubyukuri, isoko yicyitegererezo cyo hagati niyongera cyane mumodoka nshya yingufu, ariko iri tsinda ryabakoresha naryo ryatoranijwe cyane. Niba ibicuruzwa bishya byingufu zitagaragara neza kugirango bihuze ibyifuzo byimodoka nyinshi, biragoye kuzamura isoko ryicyitegererezo hagati.

Mu bihe biri imbere, uko ingufu nshya z’ibinyabiziga zikoresha ibicuruzwa byiyongera bidasubirwaho, nta gushidikanya ko ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu bizakomeza ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma ibicuruzwa byinjira mu isoko, tekinoroji yo kwishyuza ibicuruzwa byihuse, kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo kugira ngo bikoreshe amashanyarazi, no kwamamaza bikoresha ingufu nyinshi, gusa bikora isoko rinini, rishya ry’imodoka ku mugabane munini ku isoko.

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